System for monitoring and controlling industrial gas turbine power plants including facility for dynamic calibration control instrumentation

ABSTRACT

A gas turbine power plant having a hybrid digital computer control system is provided with an industrial gas turbine which drives a rotating brushless exciter generator coupled to a power system through a breaker. Control inputs representative of selected operating parameters are continuously available to provide highly responsive control over a broad range of gas turbine and generator operating conditions. Predictable errors are effectively eliminated by means of programmed computer operations to thereby ensure highly accurate control variable derivation essential to maintaining gas turbine operation at or near design limits while providing synchronized operation of turbine and generator.

United States Patent Yannone I Dec. 2, 1975 SYSTEM FOR MONITORING AND3.610.647 mam Johnson 7, 60/3918 3.643.437 2/1972 Birnhaum 2907-10CONTROLLING INDUSTRIAL GAS TURBINE POWER PLANTS INCLUDING FACILITY FORDYNAMIC CALIBRATION CONTROL INSTRUMENTATION OTHER PUBLICATIONSElectrical World Mar. 4. I963 pp, 29-33. Compute Starts. Runs. Stops.Little Gysps" l9o3.

I75] Inventor: Robert A. Yannone, Aldan, Pa. Instrumentation Technology7-1968 pp 56-604 73 Assi nee: Westin house Electric Cor oration, l t l lg pinsbufigh P11 p Primar hrummtr(i. Rv Simmons l I Almrney. Age/ll. mFirm-S. A. Seinberg [22] Filed: Mar. 14, I972 [21] Appl, No: 234,580l57l ABSTRACT A gas turbine power plant having a hybrid digital com [57'U 5 Cl 290/40 (O/W 7% 735/11] @1- puter control system is provided withan industrial gas k i '4 {E Q 5 turbine which drives a rotatinghrushless exciter gen- 51 lm. ct. iIH O ZP 9704 col'pled a through [58]Field of Search 71/ 4 n 4] I Control inputs representative of selectedoperating pa 0/39 23 6 {J T h ramcters are continuously available toprovide highly 'T T i 7 responsive control over a broad range of gasturbine and generator operating conditions. Predictable errors {56]Referenceg Cited are effectively eliminated by means of programmed U lcomputer operations to thereby.ensure highly accu N TED STATES PATENTSrate control variable derivation essential to maintain- 3.()33.042 5/l92 Clement 01 iing gas turbine operation at or near design limits while 29- (H970 l NW5: providing synchronized operation of turbine and gent S.'-).l74 9/l970 Smnh 307/43 crawl, 3564,27 3/197] Cockrell v 4 4 l r i2911740 1606.754 9/1971 W'hite i l v l v it fill/39.28 9 Claims. 41Drawing Figures 3 Q 329 3|? 2T3 BACKUP ummfl nun SPEED F EL SENS asSSEPNESEOOR LIMJTER LONUTROL. 27c comsusrow l iii 327 I 339 Assmr 256 EPT t 364 E ijl area] D SENSORS lNsrRoMENr 343 GAS 258 WBRATON out uts 33:THROLTLE 35o EXHAUST r @9995 i r 309 305 l ANE 345 OPERATORS Ultimo D sccav t 25%,?! CGNSOLE l CLOsURE CLOSURE SENSORS i F lNPUT SYSTEM OUTPUTREMOTE SYSTEM x lT R v R NIZ I? STAR lNu TURBINE E PANEL i 1 FROM PLAN 8l S g i'E ct E ENGINE a BEARING Y SENSORS l 319 cmculr CONTROL SENSORS323 351 TOPLANTB 5 I26 GENERATOR com nsssow POTENTIAL AlR r SENSORSCUSTOMER i CENTRAL TRANSFORMERS v SENSORS CONTACTS PROCESSOQ GENERATORGETESATOR t new w SENSORS CONTACTS 39 gggi gg fi swarms ENGINE smsons com rs SENERATOR SYSTEM! N C BREAKER GENERATOR 1 SENSOR 3 BI 3 BEARlNG T 1GENEQATOP 7l 8 I77 SENSORS 4 EXCITER FIELD PROTECTIVE PRINTER RHEOSTATSMISCELLANEOUS RELAY comacrs POWER PRESSURE SWITCH SENSORS CONTROL 5 315GAUGE a (52 SWITCHGEAP OTHEFPDEVICES CABlNET DEVICES CONTACTS 32'MlSCELL ANEOUS CONTAC S MOTOR CONTROL 3O CEN S P US. Patent Dec. 2, 1975Sheet 1 of 29 3,924,140

FIG.I.

U.S. Patent Dec.2, 1975 Sheet30f 29 3,924,140

US. Patent Dec. 2, 1975 Sheet 4 of 29 3,924,140

US. Patent Dec. 2, 1975 Sheet 5 of 29 3,924,140

Ohm

mm mam AU U QB UrU 2N \UhmU|| 3N EM." m m ma mww iUrU n mwN mwm NdE mmN

US. Patent FIG. l2

FUEL DEMAND F! U.

Dec. 2, 1975 Sheet 9 of 29 3,924,140

COMPRESSOR INLET TEMP= l.O P U. (IZO'F) COMPRESSOR INLET TEMP. -.33| u.

I I I I I I I I I .20 .30 4O .50 .60 .70 .80 .90 L0 COMBUSTOR SHELLPRESSURE P.U. I60 PSIG I P. U.)

U.S. Patent Dec. 2, 1975 Sheet 11 of 29 3,924,140

FIG. I4

SYSTEM RESERVE BASE TEMPERATURE P. U.

I I I I I I I CONBUSTOR SHELL PRESSURE P.U.

US. Patent F I G. l

Fuel Selector Poeilion Local-Hamel. Poallion Mum sv'um Tulbine TviplRue! Dec. 2, 1975 S eed l nltion hub. A l nies Raul 2' s so; eox 90% maxon v o a! v r I r i v Run Sequence Sterl |P.8.I (Min. Bane. Peek) o 6V10 0-. Sec. lube Ck lubricating Pump DC Aul. On 1 H Funcllon Lube PIG![Turning Gen) 40 Sec. Tum 67. Ci.

Lube Press. mu 53 Turning Gear On H2 2 Slerlinq Device On 2 I "sChechlfll Tuming Gear OI! 0.13 o 018 C I 7 lqnnliofi Speed r 63 6 113:]Reno! Overlpend 30 Sec, Trip Volvo [202) Check 48 2 Over Speed Pcese HIg f I 88x Isolation Valve Open a s 30 Sec Cooling Air Come. On Ammmnq 0'Heme Check ignition Tmnsl name Dammit)" 1 Alomizing Ail On 6 H. 7 CombIgnition Trans OI Flame Check Alomixing Air Oll 2V. Mm Check 48-3 SlopSlerlinq Device Close Bleed Valve 2010-1 Close Bh-rrl Valve 2010 2 O CLube Pump 0" ldlo Speed Gan, Breaker Closed Loed Sequence Shutdown D C.Lube ump On Turning Gel: On

Cool Down 0 C Au: Pump 0" Fihll Shuldown Turning Gm O" -Au|l|ie|y SpeedChannel (55%] Analog Speed lCCL CC'DZI Analog Combunm Slmll (CCO) 2 Min(Adi Check 48-4 o'ao Si! Res [Yum I e p Shuldonm On Turning Gee! Down to50F ll Up In 60 hour: [2E

US. Patent Dec. 2, 1975 Sheet 16 of 29 3,924,140

U.S. Patant Dec. 2, 1975 Sheet 18 0f29 3,924,140

RESIDENT SEOUENCING I DATA TABLES i 710 A B c D PRE- PROCESS INPUTS A 7|l RESIDENT LOCAL coNTRoL A B c D TURB'NE coNTRoL DATA TABLES CONTROLDATA AREA PROCESS FIG. 22 D l M ,624 ,626 I. ccls 2. ANALOG INPUTS STOREIN usE sToRED DATA 3. TURBINE TABLE MASTER LOGIC To EvALuATE o. RESIDENTTABLE SEQUENCE LOGIC b. OPERATOR PANEL INPUTS 628 SAVE $30 632 OUTPUTRESIDENT LAST cco's TURBINE TURBINE TABLE P US. Patent Dec. 2, 1975Sheet 19 Of 29 ANALOGS ccI's 634 PRE- L PROcEssOR r J I I l I I 638 I II I 616 TURBD TURB. c TURBB TURB. A RESIDENT RESIDENT RESIDENT RESIDENTLomc TABLE TABLE TABLE I TABLE PROGRAM READ ONLY READ ONLY READ ONLYREAD ONLY i l I OPERATOR JPROCESSOR L I PANEL PROGRAMS I I i I ccos MFIG. I9

MASTFR LOGIC TABLE

1. A gas turbine electric power plant comprising: a. a gas turbineincluding compressor, combustion and turbine elements; b. a generatordrivably coupled to said turbine for generating electric power; c. meansfor supplying fuel to said gas turbine combustion element; d. means forselectively coupling said generator to an external power system; e.means for controlling the operation of said plant including a computerand means for operating said computer to effect control action by saidcontrol means in a predetermined manner, said control means alsoincluding means for actuating said coupling means when a particularselected parameter of said actuating means reaches a predetermined valueto effect coupling of said generator to the external power system; f.means, responsively coupled to said control means, for operating saidfuel supply means to cause fuel to be supplied to said combustionelement in controlled quantities, and g. detection means responsivelyconnected to said actuating means, said coupling means and said controlmeans for monitoring the actual value of said selected parameter at thetime said coupling means is actuated and for generating one or moredynamic calibration signals representative of the difference between thepredetermined and actual values of said selected parameter for use bysaid control means.
 2. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 1which further includes means for generating a first time-based signalrepresentative of the output of said generator and means for generatinga second time-based signal representative of the external power systemvoltage, and wherein said detection means includes means for detectingphase angle differences between said first and second signals.
 3. Anelectric power plant as set forth in claim 2 wherein a plurality ofcalibration values is provided by said detection means and said computeroperaTing means further includes means for selecting, subject to apredetermined criterion, an optimal calibration value from among saidplurality of calibration values.
 4. An electric power plant as set forthin claim 3 wherein said criterion is related to time of selection.
 5. Anelectric power plant as set forth in claim 3 wherein said computeroperating means further includes means for determining a set ofcalibration values from among said plurality of calibration values uponwhich to impose said selection criterion.
 6. An electric power plant asset forth in claim 3 wherein said criterion for selection is related tothe occurrence of a predetermined event.
 7. An electric power plant asset forth in claim 6 wherein said criterion for selection is theoccurrence of a scheduled event.
 8. An electric power plant as set forthin claim 3 wherein said criterion for selection is directly related tothe magnitude of said plurality of calibration values.
 9. An electricpower plant as set forth in claim 5 wherein said criterion for selectionis directly related to the magnitude of said plurality of calibrationvalues.